- Alimentaçao

PRIÕES

Biologia molecular

Encefalopatia espongiforme bovina

Creuzfed- Jacob

Gerstman

Insonia familiar fatal

Kuru

Biologia molecular dos priões

http://www.sciencedigest.org/499.HTM

http://www.cyber-dyne.com/~tom/misfolding_review.html

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/madcow/prions.html

http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/bio203/s2008/strama_lesl

Encefalopatia espongiforme bovina

http://www.who.int/zoonoses/diseases/bse/en/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prion

http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvrd/bse/

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/madcow/

http://www.doctissimo.fr/html/dossiers/vache_folle/vache_folle.htm

Creuzfeld-Jacob

Directorios

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/creutzfeldtjakobdisease.html

Textos

http://www.cjdsupport.net/index.php?sid=5

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creutzfeldt-Jakob_disease

http://www.esculape.com/neurologie/creutzfeldt-jakob.html

http://www.mediamed.org/focales/neuro0.html

Variante da doença de Creuzfeld- Jacob

http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs180/en/

http://www.caducee.net/DossierSpecialises/infection/creutzfeldt/creutzfeldt-jacob.as

Gerstmann

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerstmann_syndrome

http://www.patient.co.uk/doctor/Gerstmann's-Syndrome.htm

http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/g/gerstmanns_syndrome/intro.htm

Insonia familiar fatal

http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/brain_spinal_cord_and_nerve_disorders/prion_diseases/fatal_familial_insomnia.html?qt=&sc=&alt=

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatal_familial_insomnia

http://www-personal.umd.umich.edu/~jcthomas/JCTHOMAS/1997%20Case%20Studies/AAkroush.html

http://brain.oxfordjournals.org/content/122/1/5.full

Kuru

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/220043-overview

http://anthropology.ua.edu/bindon/ant570/Papers/McGrath/McGrath.htm

VEGETARIANISMO

Directorios

http://www.vrg.org/nutshell/nutshell.htm

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/vegetariandiet.html

Textos

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetarianism

http://www.dining.ucla.edu/housing_site/dining/SNAC_pdf/Vegetarianism.pdf

http://www.medicinenet.com/vegetarian_and_vegan_diet/article.htm

Prós e contras do vegetarianismo

http://lifestyle.iloveindia.com/lounge/pros-and-cons-of-vegetarianism-3908.html

http://www.buzzle.com/articles/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-being-vegetarian.html

http://www.livestrong.com/article/503867-the-benefits-disadvantages-of-vegetarianism/

Cozinha vegetariana

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetarian_cuisine

Flexitarianismo (semivegetarianismo)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flexitarianism

Ovo-lacto vegetarianismo

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lacto-ovo_vegetarianism

http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/heart/obesity/lose_wt/lacto_ov.htm

Lactovegetarianismo

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lacto_vegetarianism

Ovovegetarianismo

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovo_vegetarian

Pescetarismo

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pescetarianis

Veganismo

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegan_cuisine#Cuisine

http://www.vrg.org/nutshell/vegan.htm

Veganismo com alimentos crus

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegan_cuisine#Cuisine

Vegetarianismo e religião

Ascetismo

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asceticism

Budismo

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhist_vegetarianism

Cristianismo

http://www.compassionatespirit.com/was_jesus_a_vegetarian.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_vegetarianism

Induismo

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu_vegetarianism

Ramadan

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramadan

http://www.islamfrominside.com/Pages/Articles/Fast%20until%20the%20night%20(Ramadan).html

Analogos da carne

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meat_analogue

Hamburger vegetariano

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veggie_burger

Leite de plantas

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_milk

Leite de soja

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soy_milk

http://coffeetea.about.com/od/Coffee-Tea-Health/a/Benefits-Of-Soy-Milk.htm

http://goaskalice.columbia.edu/nutritional-differences-between-soy-and-cows-milk

http://www.livestrong.com/article/385282-the-health-of-soy-milk-vs-cow-milk/

http://www.enbuenasmanos.com/articulos/muestra.asp?art=87

Dieta renal para vegetarianos

http://www.mayoclinic.com/print/renal-diet/AN01465/METHOD=print

OBESIDADE 
Avaliação 
Genetica da obesidad
Obesidade e

Obesidade em crianças

Sindoma plurimetabolico

Biologia molecular dos priões

http://www.sciencedigest.org/499.HTM

http://www.cyber-dyne.com/~tom/misfolding_review.html

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/madcow/prions.html

http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/bio203/s2008/strama_lesl/

Encefalopatia espongiforme bovina

http://www.who.int/zoonoses/diseases/bse/en/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prion

http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvrd/bse/

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/madcow/

http://www.doctissimo.fr/html/dossiers/vache_folle/vache_folle.htm

Creuzfeld-Jacob

Directorios

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/creutzfeldtjakobdisease.html

Textos

http://www.cjdsupport.net/index.php?sid=5

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creutzfeldt-Jakob_disease

http://www.esculape.com/neurologie/creutzfeldt-jakob.html

http://www.mediamed.org/focales/neuro0.html

Variante da doença de Creuzfeld- Jacob

http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs180/en/

http://www.caducee.net/DossierSpecialises/infection/creutzfeldt/creutzfeldt-jacob.as

Gerstmann

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerstmann_syndrome

http://www.patient.co.uk/doctor/Gerstmann's-Syndrome.htm

http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/g/gerstmanns_syndrome/intro.htm

Insonia familiar fatal

http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/brain_spinal_cord_and_nerve_disorders/prion_diseases/fatal_familial_insomnia.html?qt=&sc=&alt=

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatal_familial_insomnia

http://www-personal.umd.umich.edu/~jcthomas/JCTHOMAS/1997%20Case%20Studies/AAkroush.html

http://brain.oxfordjournals.org/content/122/1/5.full

Kuru

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/220043-overview

http://anthropology.ua.edu/bindon/ant570/Papers/McGrath/McGrath.htm

VEGETARIANISMO

Directorios

http://www.vrg.org/nutshell/nutshell.htm

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/vegetariandiet.html

Textos

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetarianism

http://www.dining.ucla.edu/housing_site/dining/SNAC_pdf/Vegetarianism.pdf

http://www.medicinenet.com/vegetarian_and_vegan_diet/article.htm

Prós e contras do vegetarianismo

http://lifestyle.iloveindia.com/lounge/pros-and-cons-of-vegetarianism-3908.html

http://www.buzzle.com/articles/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-being-vegetarian.html

http://www.livestrong.com/article/503867-the-benefits-disadvantages-of-vegetarianism/

Cozinha vegetariana

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetarian_cuisine

Flexitarianismo (semivegetarianismo)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flexitarianism

Ovo-lacto vegetarianismo

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lacto-ovo_vegetarianism

http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/heart/obesity/lose_wt/lacto_ov.htm

Lactovegetarianismo

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lacto_vegetarianism

Ovovegetarianismo

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovo_vegetarian

Pescetarismo

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pescetarianis

Veganismo

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegan_cuisine#Cuisine

http://www.vrg.org/nutshell/vegan.htm

Veganismo com alimentos crus

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegan_cuisine#Cuisine

Vegetarianismo e religião

Ascetismo

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asceticism

Budismo

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhist_vegetarianism

Cristianismo

http://www.compassionatespirit.com/was_jesus_a_vegetarian.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_vegetarianism

Induismo

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu_vegetarianism

Ramadan

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramadan

http://www.islamfrominside.com/Pages/Articles/Fast%20until%20the%20night%20(Ramadan).html

Analogos da carne

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meat_analogue

Hamburger vegetariano

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veggie_burger

Leite de plantas

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_milk

Leite de soja

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soy_milk

http://coffeetea.about.com/od/Coffee-Tea-Health/a/Benefits-Of-Soy-Milk.htm

http://goaskalice.columbia.edu/nutritional-differences-between-soy-and-cows-milk

http://www.livestrong.com/article/385282-the-health-of-soy-milk-vs-cow-milk/

http://www.enbuenasmanos.com/articulos/muestra.asp?art=87

http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/prevention/energybalance

Obesidade em crianças

http://eocinstitute.org/meditation/?gclid=CKuf1N3KrrgCFQTMtAodgw0A9g

http://www.bmj.com/content/323/7324/1280

http://pediatrics.about.com/od/weeklyquestion/a/05_inf_obesity.htm

Sindroma plurimetabolico

http://webpatologia.blogspot.pt/2014/06/diabetes.html

Infeções alimens

«Directorios

http://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/diseases/

Textos

http://www.doctissimo.fr/html/nutrition/securite/intoxications_niv2.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foodborne_illness

http://www.emedicinehealth.com/food_poisoning/article_em.htm

http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/food-poisoning/DS00981

http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/34/Supplement_3/S111.full.pdf

Epidemiologia das infecções alimentares

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_foodborne_illness_outbreaks_by_country

http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5510a1.htm

Informaçoes esprcializadas

Aeromonas

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeromonas

http://www.parasitologiaclinica.ufsc.br/index.php/info/conteudo/doencas/bacterioses/aeromonose/

Anisakis

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anisakis

http://www.fmv.utl.pt/spcv/PDF/pdf12_2011/87-97.pdf

http://www.parasitesinhumans.org/anisakis.html

http://www.fda.gov/Food/FoodborneIllnessContaminants/CausesOfIllnessBadBugBook/ucm070768.htm

http://tmcr.usuhs.edu/tmcr/chapter11/intro.htm

Ascaridiase

http://www.infoescola.com/doencas/ascaridiase-lombriga/

http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascarid%C3%ADase

http://www.ufrgs.br/para-site/siteantigo/Imagensatlas/Animalia/Ascaris%20lumbricoides.htm

http://www.parasitologiaclinica.ufsc.br/index.php/info/conteudo/doencas/helmintoses/ascaridiase/

http://www.patient.co.uk/doctor/ascaris-lumbricoides

http://www.enbuenasmanos.com/articulos/muestra.asp?art=1966

Bacilus cereus

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacillus_cereus

http://www.infoescola.com/reino-monera/bacillus-cereus/

http://www.segurancalimentar.com/conteudos.php?id=240

http://textbookofbacteriology.net/B.cereus.html0

ftp://ftp.cve.saude.sp.gov.br/doc_tec/hidrica/bacillus_cereus.pd

http://www.123bio.net/cours/bacterio/bacillus2.htm

Botulismo

Directorios

http://www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/botulism/

Textos

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000598.htm

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/829125-overview

http://www.caducee.net/DossierSpecialises/infection/botulisme.asp

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/213311-overview

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botulin_toxin

Botulismo infantil

http://kidshealth.org/parent/infections/bacterial_viral/botulism.html

Brucelose

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brucellosis

Disease incidence map of Brucella melitensis infections in animals in Europe during the first half of 2006.

  never reported

  not reported in this period

  confirmed clinical disease

  confirmed infection

  no information

http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/brucellosis/DS00837

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/213430-overview

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000597.htm

http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/brucellosis-symptoms-treatment

Campilobacter

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campylobacter

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/970552-overview

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/213720-overview

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000224.htm

http://www.cdc.gov/nczved/divisions/dfbmd/diseases/campylobacter/

Cianobacterias

http://www-cyanosite.bio.purdue.edu/cyanotox/cyanotox.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyanobacteria

http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/diseases/cyanobacteria/en/

Ciclosporiase

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclosporiasis

http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/cyclosporiasis/

http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/c/cyclosporiasis/

http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/cyclospora/DS01024

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2806662/

http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0104-42301999000400011

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/236105-overview

Clostridium perfringens

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clostridium_perfringens

http://ag.arizona.edu/pubs/general/resrpt1998/clostridium.html

ftp://ftp.cve.saude.sp.gov.br/doc_tec/hidrica/clostridium.pdf

http://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/clostridium-perfingens.html

http://www.foodsafety.gov/poisoning/causes/bacteriaviruses/cperfringens/

http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fs101

Cogumelos

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mushroom_poisoning

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/167398-overview

http://www.environmentalgraffiti.com/news-5-truly-toxic-mushrooms

http://mdc.mo.gov/discover-nature/outdoor-recreation/mushrooming/poisonous-mushrooms

http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/wong/BOT135/Lect19.htm

http://namyco.org/toxicology/poison_syndromes.html

http://americanmushrooms.com/toxicms.htm

http://www.wildernesscollege.com/poisonous-mushrooms.html

Criptoesporidiose

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptosporidium

http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/cryptosporidium/DS00907

http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/crypto/

http://biology.kenyon.edu/slonc/bio38/hannahs/crypto.htm

http://www.patient.co.uk/health/cryptosporidium

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000617.htm

Diphyllobotrium

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diphyllobothrium

http://www.dpd.cdc.gov/dpdx/HTML/Diphyllobothriasis.htm

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/216089-overview

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/997314-overview

Escherichia coli

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escherichia_col

http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/e-coli/DS01007

http://www.copacabanarunners.net/escherichia-coli.html

http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/68511.php

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ecoliinfections.html

Entameba hystolitica (amibíase)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entamoeba_histolytica

http://www.parasitesinhumans.org/entamoeba-histolytica-amoebiasis.html

http://www.ufrgs.br/para-site/siteantigo/Imagensatlas/Protozoa/Entamoebahistolytica.htm

http://atlas.or.kr/atlas/alphabet_view.php?my_codeName=Entamoeba%20histolytica

http://www.fpnotebook.com/gi/ID/EntmbHstlytc.htm

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/212029-overview

http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/e/entamoeba_histolytica/intro.htm

http://www.about-ecoli.com/

http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/diarrecoli_t.htm

http://familydoctor.org/familydoctor/en/diseases-conditions/ecoli-infection.html

Enterovirus

http://www.medicinanet.com.br/conteudos/acp-medicine/5171/infeccoes_virais_entericas_%E2%80%93_nino_khetsuriani_umesh_d_parashar.htm

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/217146-overview

http://www.enterovirusfoundation.org/symptoms.shtml

Fascioliase

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fasciolo

http://ww.who.int/foodborne_trematode_infections/fascioliasis/en/

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/997890-overview

http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/fasciola/

                                                                                                                                                                                            
Giardiase

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giardia

http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/giardia-infection/DS00739

http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/giardia/

http://www.medicinenet.com/giardia_lamblia/article.htm

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000288.htm

http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/giardia/

http://www.patient.co.uk/doctor/giardiasis

http://kidshealth.org/parent/infections/stomach/giardiasis.html

http://www.sobiologia.com.br/conteudos/Reinos/Giardiase.php

Listeriose

http://www.caducee.net/DossierSpecialises/nutrition/listeriose.asp

http://www.chups.jussieu.fr/polys/bacterio/bacterio/POLY.Chp.6.2.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Listeria_monocytogenes

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001380.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Listeriosis

http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Food_poisoning_listeria?OpenDocument

Micotoxicoses alimentares

Textos

http://www.romerlabs.com/en/knowledge/mycotoxins/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycotoxin

http://www.knowmycotoxins.com/

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC164220/

Lista de micotoxinas

http://www.mold-help.org/content/view/457/

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/167398-overview

Acido kojico

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kojic_acid

Aflatoxina

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aflatoxins

http://www.ansci.cornell.edu/plants/toxicagents/aflatoxin/aflatoxin.html

http://blackmold.awardspace.com/aflatoxin-mycotoxins.html

http://www.extension.iastate.edu/publications/pm1800.pdf

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002429.htm

Alternaria

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternaria

Citocalasina

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytochalasins

http://jcb.rupress.org/content/105/4/1473.full.pdf

Cravagem do centeio

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ergot_alkaloids

http://www.entheology.org/edoto/anmviewer.asp?a=37&z=5

Esterigmatocistina

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sterigmatocystin

http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/efsajournal/pub/3254.htm

http://www.famic.go.jp/ffis/oie/obj/m2-sterigmatocystin.pdf

http://www.healthvalue.net/sterigmatocystin.html

Fumonisina

http://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/intropp/topics/Mycotoxins/Pages/Fumonisins.aspx

http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/pp/notes/Corn/corn001.htm

http://ec.europa.eu/food/fs/sc/scf/out73_en.pdf

http://naldc.nal.usda.gov/download/8850/PDF

Ocratoxina

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ochratoxins

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ochratoxin_A

http://www.cfs.gov.hk/english/programme/programme_rafs/files/cfs_news_ras_23_och.pdf

Patulina

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patulin

http://www.fda.gov/Food/FoodborneIllnessContaminants/NaturalToxins/ucm212520.htm

Tricoteceno

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichothecene

http://emergency.cdc.gov/agent/trichothecene/casedef.asp

Zearalenona

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zearalenone

http://www.inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v44jec14.htm

Norovirus

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norovirus

http://www.news-medical.net/health/Norovirus-What-is-Norovirus-(Portuguese).aspx

http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/norovirus/Pages/Introduction.aspx

http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/norovirus/DS00942

http://children.webmd.com/norovirus-symptoms-and-treatment

http://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/

Paragonimiase

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paragonimiasis

http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/paragonimus/

http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/paragonimiasis

http://www.who.int/foodborne_trematode_infections/paragonimiasis/en/

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/999188-overview

http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S0102-35862000000200011&script=sci_arttext

Rotavirus

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotavirus

Salmoneloses

Directorios

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/salmonellainfections.html

Textos

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salmonellosis

http://www.webmd.com/food-recipes/food-poisoning/tc/salmonellosis-topic-overview

http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/salmonella/DS00926

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/228174-overview

http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/salmonellosis/Pages/Default.aspx

http://www.caducee.net/DossierSpecialises/infection/salmonellose/salmonellose.asp

http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/health_advice/facts/salmonella.htm

http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/submenus/sub_salmonella.htm

http://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/

http://www.cdc.gov/nczved/divisions/dfbmd/diseases/salmonella_enteritidis/

http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs139/en/

http://firstaid.about.com/od/infections/qt/06_salmonella.htm

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/salmonella/basics/definition/con-20029017/?utm_source=newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=housecall

Shigeloses

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shigellosis

http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/shigella/DS00719

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000295.htm

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/182767-overview

http://textbookofbacteriology.net/Shigella.html

http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/shigellosis/Pages/shigellosis.aspx

http://www.chups.jussieu.fr/polys/bacterio/bacterio/POLY.Chp.7.1.3.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shigella

http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/s/shigellosis/intro.htm

http://www.thedoctorsdoctor.com/diseases/shigella.htm

http://firstaid.about.com/od/infections/qt/06_shigella.htm

Sprue tropical ( kwashiorkor)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_sprue

Tenias

http://www.infoescola.com/platelmintos/taenia-saginata/

http://www.parasitologiaclinica.ufsc.br/index.php/info/conteudo/doencas/helmintoses/teniase/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taeniasis

 

http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/taeniasis/

http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/taeniasis/disease.html

http://www.healthline.com/health/taeniasis#Prevention7

http://web.stanford.edu/group/parasites/ParaSites2004/Taeniasis/

Toxinas marinhas

http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/marinetoxins_g.htm

http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/04/130412-diseases-health-animals-science-environment-oceans/

http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/marine-toxins-topic-overview

http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/41/9/1290.full

http://bmb.oxfordjournals.org/content/56/1/236.full.pdf

Tetrodotoxina

http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/marinetoxins_g.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrodotoxin

http://www.life.umd.edu/grad/mlfsc/zctsim/ionchannel.html

Toxinas de algas

http://www.nwfsc.noaa.gov/hab/habs_toxins/

http://www.whoi.edu/science/B/redtide/illness/illness.html

http://www.nwhc.usgs.gov/publications/field_manual/chapter_36.pdf

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algal_bloom

http://www.env.gov.bc.ca/wat/wq/reference/toxicalgae.html

Triquinose

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichinosis

http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/trichinellosis/

http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/trichinosis/DS00689

http://www.medicinenet.com/trichinosis/article.htm

http://www.stanford.edu/group/parasites/ParaSites2001/trichinosis/

Tricuriase

http://www.parasitologiaclinica.ufsc.br/index.php/info/conteudo/doencas/helmintoses/tricuriase/

http://www.ufrgs.br/parasito/Aulas%20Parasito/Medicina/helmipar12.pdf

http://www.portalsaofrancisco.com.br/alfa/tricuriase/

http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/whipworm/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichuriasis

http://www.patient.co.uk/doctor/Trichuriasis-(Whipworm).htm

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/788570-overview

Vibriose

http://www.cdc.gov/vibrio/

http://www.cdc.gov/vibrio/vibriov.html

http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/idepc/diseases/vibrio/basics.html

Yersinia enterocolitica

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/232343-overview

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yersinia_enterocolitica

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/232343-overview

http://serv-bib.fcfar.unesp.br/seer/index.php/Cien_Farm/article/viewFile/356/341

««

ANTIOXIDANTES

http://www.agbiolab.com/files/agbiola

BHT ( hidroxitolueno butilado)

http://www.advance-health.com/bht.html

http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/BHT

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12396675

http://chemistry.about.com/od/foodcookingchemistry/a/bha-bht-preservatives.ht

mood-enhancer/

http://www.growyouthful.com/tips/coffee-antioxidants.php

Cancro

http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/prevention/antioxidants

http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/777516

http://www.webmd.com/cancer/features/antioxidants-omega3s

http://orthomolecular.org/resources/omns/v09n02.shtml

Carotenoides

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carotenoid

http://health.howstuffworks.com/wellness/food-nutrition/vitamin-supplements/what-are-carotenoids.htm

http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/infocenter/phytochemicals/carotenoids/

Ver

 ASTAXANTINA

LICOPENO

 Chá

http://www.webmd.com/food-recipes/features/antioxidants-in-green-and-black-tea

http://www.fitday.com/fitness-articles/nutrition/healthy-eating/tea-antioxidant-myths-and-facts.html

http://umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/herb/green-tea

http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/prevention/tea

http://jn.nutrition.org/content/132/4/785.full

http://www.prevention.com/food/healthy-eating-tips/iced-tea-hot-tea-and-antioxidants

Chocolate preto

http://www.webmd.com/diet/news/20030827/dark-chocolate-is-healthy-chocolate

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2005/04/050421234416.htm

http://www.med.umich.edu/umim/food-pyramid/dark_chocolate.htm

http://www.dark-chocolate-life.com/dark-chocolate-antioxidants.html

Fitoquimicos

http://www.quackwatch.org/03HealthPromotion/antioxidants.html

http://www.dietaryfiberfood.com/antioxidants/antioxidant-power.php

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytochemical

Hidroxitirosol

http://www.zhion.com/phytonutrients/Hydroxytyrosol.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroxytyrosol

http://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/27043/InTech-Biological_properties_of_hydroxytyrosol_and_its_derivatives.pdf

Kaempferol

http://www.zhion.com/phytonutrients/Kaempferol.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaempferol

Licopeno

http://www.zhion.com/phytonutrients/Lycopene_cancer.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lycopene

http://www.fitday.com/fitness-articles/nutrition/healthy-eating/what-is-lycopene.html

Quercetina

http://www.zhion.com/phytonutrients/Quercetin.html

http://www.

BHT ( hidroxitolueno butilado)

http://www.advance-health.com/bht.html

http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/BHT

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12396675

http://chemistry.about.com/od/foodcookingchemistry/a/bha-bht-preservatives

mood-enhancer/

http://www.growyouthful.com/tips/coffee-antioxidants.p

Cancro

http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/prevention/antioxidants

http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/777516

http://www.webmd.com/cancer/features/antioxidants-omega3s

http://orthomolecular.org/resources/omns/v09n02.shtml

Carotenoides

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carotenoid

http://health.howstuffworks.com/wellness/food-nutrition/vitamin-supplements/what-are-carotenoids.htm

http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/infocenter/phytochemicals/carotenoids/

Ver

 ASTAXANTINA

LICOPENO

 Chá

http://www.webmd.com/food-recipes/features/antioxidants-in-green-and-black-tea

http://www.fitday.com/fitness-articles/nutrition/healthy-eating/tea-antioxidant-myths-and-facts.html

http://umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/herb/green-tea

http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/prevention/tea

http://jn.nutrition.org/content/132/4/785.full

http://www.prevention.com/food/healthy-eating-tips/iced-tea-hot-tea-and-antioxidants

Chocolate preto

http://www.webmd.com/diet/news/20030827/dark-chocolate-is-healthy-chocolate

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2005/04/050421234416.htm

http://www.med.umich.edu/umim/food-pyramid/dark_chocolate.htm

http://www.dark-chocolate-life.com/dark-chocolate-antioxidants.html

Fitoquimicos

wellnessresources.com/health/articles/quercetins_rising_star_nerves_immunity_and_metabolism/

http://www.prohealth.com/ME-CFS/library/showArticle.cfm?libid=15232&B1=EM041410

 TIPOS DE ALIMENTOS

Alimentação parentérica

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_parenteral_nutrition

http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/nutritional_disorders/nutritional_support/total_parenteral_nutrition_tpn.html?qt=&sc=&alt=

http://www.gosh.nhs.uk/health-professionals/clinical-guidelines/parenteral-nutrition/

http://www.stjude.org/stjude/v/index.jsp?vgnextoid=bbcfbfe82e118010VgnVCM1000000e2015acRCRD

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/meds/a601166.html#about-your-treat

http://www.medicine.virginia.edu/clinical/departments/medicine/divisions/digestive-health/nutrition-support-team/nutrition-articles/MadsenArticle.pdf

Alimentação vegetariana

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetarian_nutrition

http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/GettingHealthy/NutritionCenter/Vegetarian-Diets_UCM_306032_Article.jsp

http://www.adajournal.org/medline/record/MDLN.9399258

http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/vegetarian-diet/HQ01596

http://vegetarian.about.com/od/healthnutrition/f/Vegnutrition.htm

http://www.nutrition.gov/smart-nutrition-101/healthy-eating/eating-vegetarian

Alimentos congelados

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frozen_food

Alimentos funcionais

http://www4.agr.gc.ca/AAFC-AAC/display-afficher.do?id=1171305207040&lang=eng

http://www.helium.com/items/455373-functional-food-assessments-can-help-developing-and-wealthy-countries

http://www.nutriwatch.org/04Foods/ff.html

http://www.cspinet.org/nah/4_99/functional_foods.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_food

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/deepak-chopra/functional-food_b_913212.html

http://www.foodinsight.org/Content/3842/Final%20Functional%20Foods%20Backgrounder.pdf

Alimentos tabu

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taboo_foods

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2711054/

http://www.tree.com/food-dining/understanding-taboo-foods-in-islam.aspx

Alimentos transgénicos

http://www.tuotromedico.com/temas/alimentos_transgenicos.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetically_modified_food

http://www.eufic.org/page/en/page/faq/faqid/transgenic-foods/

http://www.csa.com/discoveryguides/gmfood/overview.php

http://www.ucsusa.org/food_and_agriculture/our-failing-food-system/genetic-engineering/environmental-effects-of.html

http://toxsci.oxfordjournals.org/content/71/1/2.full

http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/global-warming/food-how-altered/

http://www.michigantoday.umich.edu/2013/03/story.php?id=8574#.UbtGSjZdbIU

Fast food

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fast_Food

http://healthfood-guide.com/fastfood.aspx

Prebioticos

http://www.tuotromedico.com/temas/alimentos_prebioticos.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prebiotic_(nutrition)

http://nutrition.about.com/od/therapeuticnutrition1/p/pro_prebiotics.htm

http://www.prebiotic.ca/prebiotic_fibre.html

http://www.mnn.com/health/fitness-well-being/questions/what-are-prebiotics-and-do-we-need-them

http://www.prebiotin.com/prebiotics/probiotic-or-prebiotic/

http://jn.nutrition.org/content/137/3/830S.full

Simbioticos

http://www.tuotromedico.com/temas/alimentos_simbioticos.htm

ADITIVOS  ALIMENTARESS
Textos
http://www.foodreactions.org/allergy/additi

http://www2.cndp.fr/lesScripts/bandeau/bandeau.asp?bas=http://www.cndp.fr/themadoc/risque/additifs.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_additive

http://www.hungryforchange.tv/top-10-food-additives-to-avoid

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002435.htm

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_922.pdf

http://www.univers-nature.com/dossiers/additif-alimentaire.html

Lista de aditivos

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_food_additives

http://www.cspinet.org/reports/chemcuisine.htm

http://www.fda.gov/Food/IngredientsPackagingLabeling/FoodAdditivesIngredients/ucm091048.htm

Efeitos nocivos de alguns aditivos

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1562400/Demand-to-ban-bad-food-additives-for-kids.html

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_966_eng.pdf

Anti- espuma

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antifoaming_agen

Corantes

http://www.understandingfoodadditives.org/pages/Ch2p1-1.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_coloring

Corantes naturCaramel coloring (E150), made from caramelized sugar

• Annatto (E160b), a reddish-orange dye made from the seed of the achiote.
• Chlorophyllin (E140), a green dye made from chlorella algae
• Cochineal (E120), a red dye derived from the cochineal insect, Dactylopius coccus
• Betanin (E162) extracted from beets
• Turmeric (curcuminoids, E100)
• Saffron (carotenoids, E160a)
• Paprika (E160c)
• Lycopene (E160d)
• Elderberry juice
• Pandan (Pandanus amaryllifolius), a green food coloring
• Butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea), a blue food dye

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_coloring

Conservadores da cor

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_retention_agent

 Emulsificantes

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emulsifier#Emulsifiers

http://www.understandingfoodadditives.org/pages/Ch2p2-1.htm

Sabores

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flavor

Sabores artificiais

Chemical	Odor
Diacetyl	Buttery
Isoamyl acetate	Banana
Benzaldehyde	Bitter almond
Cinnamic aldehyde	Cinnamon
Ethyl propionate	Fruity
Methyl anthranilate	Grape
Limonene	Orange
Ethyl decadienoate	Pear
Allyl hexanoate	Pineapple
Ethyl maltol	Sugar, Cotton candy
Ethylvanillin	Vanilla
Methyl salicylate	Wintergreen

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flavor_enhancer

Acidulantes

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acidity_regulator

http://www.understandingfoodadditives.org/pages/Ch2p9-1.htm

Antiaglomerantes

http://www.understandingfoodadditives.org/pages/Ch2p7-1.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticaking_agent

• E341 Tricalcium phosphate
• E460(ii) Powdered cellulose
• E470b Magnesium stearate
• E500 Sodium bicarbonate
• E535 Sodium ferrocyanide
• E536 Potassium ferrocyanide
• E538 Calcium ferrocyanide
• E542 Bone phosphate
• E550 Sodium silicate
• E551 Silicon dioxide
• E552 Calcium silicate
• E553a Magnesium trisilicate
• E553b Talcum powder
• E554 Sodium aluminosilicate
• E555 Potassium aluminium silicate
• E556 Calcium aluminosilicate
• E558 Bentonite
• E559 Aluminium silicate
• E570 Stearic acid
• E900 Polydimethylsiloxane

Agentes de tratamento da farinha

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flour_treatment_agent

Agentes de brilho

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glazing_agent

NATURAIS

• Stearic acid (E570)
• Beeswax (E901)
• Candelilla wax (E902)
• Carnauba wax (E903)
• Shellac (E904)
• Microcrystalline wax (E905c), Crystalline wax (E907)
• Lanolin (E913)
• Oxidized polyethylene wax (E914)
• Esters of colophonium (E915)
• Paraffin

Humidificadores

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humectant

• propylene glycol (E1520) as well as hexylene glycol and butylene glycol
• glyceryl triacetate (E1518)
• vinyl alcohol
• neoagarobiose
• sugar polyols such as glycerol, sorbitol (E420), xylitol and maltitol (E965)
• polymeric polyols like polydextrose (E1200)
• quillaia (E999)
• lactic acid
• urea
• glycerin
• aloe vera gel
• MP Diol
• alpha hydroxy acids like lactic acid
• honey

Preservativos

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preservative

http://www.understandingfoodadditives.org/pages/Ch2p5-1.htm

Estabilizadores

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stabilizer_(chemistry)

DIETAS ESPECIAIS

Alimentação parenterica

Cancro

Diabetes

Coração

Dialise

Lupus

Porfirias

Transplantes

Alimentação parentérica

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_parenteral_nutrition

http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/nutritional_disorders/nutritional_support/total_parenteral_nutrition_tpn.html?qt=&sc=&alt=

http://www.stjude.org/stjude/v/index.jsp?vgnextoid=bbcfbfe82e118010VgnVCM1000000e2015acRCRD

Cancro

http://www.meb.uni-bonn.de/cancer.gov/CDR0000062744.html

http://www.cancernutrition.com/

http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/coping/eatinghints

http://www.pitt.edu/~super1/lecture/lec3291/index.htm

Diabetes

http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/eating_ez/index.aspx

http://familydoctor.org/familydoctor/en/diseases-conditions/diabetes/treatment/diabetes-and-nutrition.html

http://fnic.nal.usda.gov/professional-and-career-resources/nutrition-and-health-organizations/diabetes

http://www.helpguide.org/life/healthy_diet_diabetes.htm

http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/27/suppl_1/s36.full

http://www.pitt.edu/~super1/lecture/lec2571/index.htm

Coração

http://www.greenfacts.org/en/diet-nutrition/l-2/7-cardiovascular-diseases.htm

http://www.health-heart.org/

Lupus

http://www.arthritisinsight.com/medical/disease/sle/food.html

Porfirias

http://porphyriafacts.tripod.com/nutritionfoodsthataretriggers/

Transplantes

http://www.kidney.org/atoz/pdf/nutri_trans.pdf

COMPORTAMENTOS ALIMENTARES

Directorios

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/eatingdisorders.html

http://www.netwellness.com/healthtopics/eatingdisorders/

http://www.altmd.com/Search/Eating-Disorders

Textos

http://ohioline.osu.edu/ed-fact/index.html

http://www.ltspeed.com/bjblinder/atpinx.htm

http://www.drugs-web.com/health/a/anorexia/anorexia-information.htm

http://www.mirror-mirror.org/eatdis.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eating_disorder

Causas

http://www.edreferral.com/causes.htm

Leptina

http://arbl.cvmbs.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/endocrine/bodyweight/leptin.html

http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/L/Leptin.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leptin

Psicologia

http://www.cyberpsych.org/pdg/

http://www.mirror-mirror.org/society.htm

Restrição calórica

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calorie_restriction

http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/releases/7586.php

http://genesdev.cshlp.org/content/17/3/313.full

Adolescentes

http://www.mirror-mirror.org/teens.htm

Crianças

http://www.mirror-mirror.org/child.htm

http://kidshealth.org/parent/emotions/feelings/eating_disorders.html

http://www.iacrianca.pt/images/stories/pdfs/infocedi/infocedi19.pdf

Escolas

http://www.mirror-mirror.org/college.htm

Homens

http://www.mirror-mirror.org/men.htm

http://ltspeed.com/bjblinder/blmales.htm

Mulheres

http://www.mirror-mirror.org/women.htm

Saude

http://www.edreferral.com/consequences_of_ed.htm

Informaçao especislizada

Alimentação compulsiva( binge eating)

Textos

http://ohioline.osu.edu/ed-fact/1004.html

http://www.mirror-mirror.org/compulsive.htm

http://www.helpguide.org/mental/binge_eating_disorder.htm

http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/weight-control/binge_eating/Pages/binge-eating-disorder.aspx

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binge_eating_disorder

http://www.edreferral.com/binge_eating_disorder.htm

http://www.diariodasaude.com.br/news.php?article=vicio-comida-drogas&id=5129&nl=nlds

Crianças

http://kidshealth.org/teen/your_mind/mental_health/binge_eating.html

http://kidshealth.org/parent/emotions/behavior/binge_eating.html

Alimentação compulsiva e dependencias

http://www.diariodasaude.com.br/news.php?article=vicio-comida-drogas&id=5129&nl=nlds

Sindroma de alimentação nocturna

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Night_eating_syndrome

Alterações do comportamento alimentar na gravidez

http://pregnancy.about.com/od/eatingdisorders/Eating_Disorders_in_Pregnancy.htm

http://www.vanderbilt.edu/AnS/psychology/health_psychology/pregnancy_and_eating_disorders.htm

Anorexia mirabilis

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anorexia_mirabilis

http://www.albany.edu/scj/jcjpc/vol8is1/reda.html

Anorexia  nervosa

Textos

http://www.caducee.net/DossierSpecialises/psychologie/anorexie.asp

http://www.helpguide.org/mental/anorexia_signs_symptoms_causes_treatment.htm

http://www.emedicinehealth.com/anorexia_nervosa/article_em.htm

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/805152-overview

http://www.ltspeed.com/bjblinder/anmeddis.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anorexia_nervosa

http://www.medicinenet.com/anorexia_nervosa/article.htm

http://www.buzzle.com/articles/anorexia-nervosa/

Tratamento

http://psychcentral.com/disorders/sx2t.htm

Alterações do comportamento alimentar em atletas

http://www.mirror-mirror.org/athlete.htm

http://www.eatingdisordersonline.com/explain/anorathletica.php

http://sportsmedicine.about.com/cs/eatingdisorders1/a/aa110600a.htm

http://www.pponline.co.uk/encyc/eating-disorders-in-sport-how-athletes-are-putting-themselves-at-risk-877?#

Bigorexia

http://casapalmera.com/bigorexiamuscle-dysmorphia/

http://menshealth.about.com/cs/menonly/a/bigorexia.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscle_dysmorphia

Bulimia nervosa

http://www.helpguide.org/mental/bulimia_signs_symptoms_causes_treatment.htm

http://www.emedicinehealth.com/bulimia/article_em.htm

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286485-overview

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulimia_nervosa

http://www.edreferral.com/bulimia_nervosa.htm

http://www.mirror-mirror.org/bulimia.htm

http://www.enbuenasmanos.com/articulos/muestra.asp?art=744

http://umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/condition/bulimia-nervos

DIE TA PALEOLITICA

https://www.medicinenet.com/diet_nutrition_what_is_the_paleo_diet/article.htm?ecd=mnl_spc_091219

https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?tab=wm&ogbl#inbox/FMfcgxwHMPnddRmjdTGHHkNqTSLzgRhW

Doença do corpo dismorfico

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_dysmorphic_disorder

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1414653/

http://www.biopsychiatry.com/bdd.html

http://www.patient.co.uk/health/Body-Dysmorphic-Disorder.htm

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/291182-overview

http://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/1015/p1738.html

Ortorexia nervosa

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthorexia_nervosa

Pica

http://kidshealth.org/PageManager.jsp?dn=KidsHealth&lic=1&ps=107&cat_id=146&article_set=22148

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/914765-overview

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001538.htm

Prader- Willi

http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Prader-Willi_syndrome?OpenDocument

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prader-Willi_syndrome

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001605.htm

http://www.medicinenet.com/prader-willi_syndrome/article.htm

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1330/

http://rarediseases.about.com/od/rarediseasesp/a/praderwilli.htm

Ruminação

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumination_disorder

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/916297-overview

http://stress.about.com/od/psychologicalconditions/a/rumination.ht

CARNE

Textos

http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carne

Carne e nutrição

http://www.alimentacaosaudavel.org/carnes.html

http://www.centro-nutricao-fula.pt/bem-estar/alimentacao/refeicoes/alimentos/carne

http://www.famasul.com.br/palestrascongresso/css/images/SilviaCozzolino.pdf

http://www.sparkpeople.com/resource/food_lists_meats.asp

http://www.fao.org/docrep/t0562e/t0562e05.htm

Modos de preparação

http://www.famasul.com.br/palestrascongresso/css/images/SilviaCozzolino.pdf

Carnes vermelhas 

http://www.yourhealthbase.com/ihn263.pdf

http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/306778.php?tw

Carne de cavalo

http://www.jn.pt/PaginaInicial/Sociedade/Interior.aspx?content_id=3052851

Carne de porco

http://maisequilibrio.terra.com.br/esclareca-suas-duvidas-sobre-carne-de-porco-2-1-1-157.html

Carnes vermelhas

http://www.rgnutri.com.br/sqv/saude/cvmv.php

http://www.webmd.com/food-recipes/features/the-truth-about-red-meat

http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887324050304578408702646200088.html

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-22042995

http://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/new-study-links-l-carnitine-in-red-meat-to-heart-disease-201304176083

http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/315449.php   

Carne de vaca

http://nutritiondata.self.com/facts/beef-products/6197/2OI

MARISCOS

Nutrição

http://www.vidadequalidade.org/marisco-e-o-colesterol-elevado/

http://abobrinhas1-2011.blogspot.pt/2011/05/os-mariscos-fazem-aumentar-os-niveis-de.html

http://www.consumer.es/web/es/alimentacion/aprender_a_comer_bien/enfermedad/2011/12/14/205460.php

http://www.florbelamendes.net/index.jsp?section=nutricao_geral&subsection=&article_id=6

http://farrp.unl.edu/informallcrushellfish

Alergia aos mariscos

http://foodallergies.about.com/od/seafoodallergies/p/shellfish.htm

http://my.clevelandclinic.org/disorders/shellfish_allergies/hic_shellfish_allergies.aspx

Envenenamento por mariscos

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shellfish_poisoning

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paralytic_shellfish_poisoning

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amnesic_shellfish_poisoni

xtos

http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peixe

http://www.einstein.br/einstein-saude/nutricao/Paginas/peixe-no-cardapio.aspx

http://www.doh.wa.gov/CommunityandEnvironment/Food/Fish/WomenandChildren.aspx

http://www.helpwithcooking.com/fish-guide/introduction-to-fish.html

Peixe e saúde

http://www.copacabanarunners.net/peixe-saude.html

http://www.alimentacaosaudavel.org/peixe.html

mayoclinic.com/health/heart-healthy-fish/MY01773

http://www.medindia.net/patients/patientinfo/fishfood.htm

Dados nutricionais

http://www.sparkpeople.com/resource/nutrition_articles.asp?id=1022

http://caloriecount.about.com/tag/food/fish

Calorias do peixe enlatado

http://www.fatsecret.com/calories-nutrition/generic/fish-baked-or-broiled

Calorias do peixe grelhado

http://www.fatsecret.com/calories-nutrition/generic/fish-grilled

Acidos ómega 3

http://webalimentos.blogspot.pt/2012/11/oleos-de-peixe.html

Contaminantes dos peixes

http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/fish/

http://www.doh.wa.gov/CommunityandEnvironment/Food/Fish/ReduceContaminantExposure.aspx

Os melhores tipos de peixe

http://longevity.about.com/od/lifelongnutrition/a/fish_mercury.htm

http://www.doh.wa.gov/CommunityandEnvironment/Food/Fish/HealthyFishGuide.aspx

http://www.sparkpeople.com/resource/nutrition_articles.asp?id=1022

http://www.askdrsears.com/topics/family-nutrition/fish/ranking-seafood-which-fish-are-most-nutritious

Peixe enlatado

http://view.mail.health.harvard.edu/?j=fe5a1770776c03787211&m=febb15747d630d7a&ls=fdca15737660027e7213737564&l=fe5e15767363007d7c14&s=fdf215767560037577137372&jb=ffcf14&ju=fe221775706d007e7d1371&r=0

OVOS

Textos

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egg_(food)

Calorias

http://boaforma.uol.com.br/tabela-calorias/ovos.htm

http://www.fitpassion.com/?menu=8&area=artigos&artigo=74

Composição dos ovos

http://www.nutritionandeggs.co.uk/basic/nutritional-value-eggs

Composição da gema

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egg_yolk

http://www.slideshare.net/ParminderMitter/composition-of-an-egg

Composição da clara

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egg_white

Consumo de ovos e saúde

http://health.howstuffworks.com/wellness/food-nutrition/facts/health-benefits-of-eggs.htm

http://www.webmd.com/diet/features/good-eggs-for-nutrition-theyre-hard-to-beat

http://www.thestar.com/life/food_wine/2012/12/07/are_eggs_really_healthy_food_fight_finds_out.html

http://authoritynutrition.com/why-are-eggs-good-for-you/

http://www.quailfarm.co.uk/index.php/quail-and-health

Doenças cardíacas

http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/eggs/

http://www.fitday.com/fitness-articles/nutrition/healthy-eating/food-myths-debunked-eating-eggs-raises-your-cholesterol-level.html

BATATAS

Textos

http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batata

http://www.alimentacaosaudavel.org/batata.html

http://www.cantinhovegetariano.com.br/2007/05/batata.html

Variedades

http://www.oliveirinhas.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=36&Itemid=3

Batatas e saúde

http://www.whfoods.com/genpage.php?tname=foodsp

PÃO

Historia

Tipos de pão

Textos

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bread

História

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_bread

Tipos de pão

Biscoitos

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biscuit

Focaccia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focaccia

Pão branco

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_bread

Pão escuro

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brown_bread

Pão integral

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wholemeal_bread

http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fn-an/nutrition/whole-grain-entiers-eng.php

Pão de centeio

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rye_bread

Pão ázimo

http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A3o_%C3%A1zimo

Brioches

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brioche

Pão de cerveja

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beer_bread

Pão de batata

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potato_bread

Pão de forma

http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A3o_de_forma

Pita

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pita

IOGURTE  E REQUEIJÃO

Textos

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yogurt

http://www.culturesforhealth.com/what-is-yogurt-history

http://milk.co.uk/page.aspx?intPageID=81

http://web.archive.org/web/20080529005611/http://www.ynhh.com/online/nutrition/advisor/yogurt.html

http://www.leaflady.org/yoghurt.htm

http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/295714.php?tw

Iogurte 

http://www.findbgfood.com/bgmeals-yoghurt.htm

Produtos com leite 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermented_milk_products

Iogurte de 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soy_yogurt

Kefir

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kefir

http://nchfp.uga.edu/publications/nchfp/factsheets/kefir.html

http://russian.lingualift.com/blog/kefir-history-recipe/

http://www.benefitsofkefir.com/

REQUEIJÃO

Textos

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curd

Ricotta

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricotta

http://www.agraria.org/prodottitipici/ricottaromana.htm

Tofu

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tofu

QUEIJO

Directories

http://www.cheese.com/

Textos

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheese

http://science.howstuffworks.com/innovation/edible-innovations/cheese.htm

http://www.buzzle.com/articles/is-cheese-healthy.html

Historia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_cheese

Amadurecimento

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheese_ripening

Tipos de queijo

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Types_of_cheese

http://www.cheese.com/by_country/

• United Kingdom
• United States
• Wales

 

Alverca

Azeitao

 

Bica de Queijo

 

Castelo Branco

 

Evora De L'Alentejo

 

Queijo do Pico 

Rabacal

 

Requeson

 

Sao Jorge

 

Serra da Estrela

Queijo e saúde

Beneficios

http://www.doctorsolve.com/blog/2010/01/7-health-benefits-of-cheese.html

http://www.organicfacts.net/health-benefits/animal-product/health-benefits-of-cheese.html

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/health/9422230/Cheese-could-reduce-diabetes-risk.html

http://www.joybauer.com/food-articles/cheese.aspx

Efeitos nocivos

http://ezinearticles.com/?The-Health-Risks-Of-Eating-Too-Much-Cheese&id=4784549

http://www.livestrong.com/article/460693-effects-of-cheese-on-body/

LEITE

Leite de cabra

Leite de vaca

Leite de ovelhazs

LEITE  DE VACA

Textos

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milk

http://www.whfoods.com/genpage.php?tname=foodspice&dbid=130

http://canalescolar.lactogal.pt/slpage.php?page=12

Composição do leite de  vaca

Lipidos

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butterfat

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fat_content_of_milk

Perigos de beber leite de vaca

http://www.globalhealingcenter.com/natural-health/dangers-of-cows-milk/

http://www.waoy.org/9.html

http://animalrights.about.com/od/animalsusedforfood/a/MilkHealth.htm

http://rense.com/general26/truth.htm

http://www.news.harvard.edu/gazette/2006/12.07/11-dairy.htm

Leite de vaca em crianças

http://www.babycentre.co.uk/x552790/when-should-i-give-my-baby-cows-milk-as-her-main-drink

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002448.htm

http://www.babycenter.com/0_cows-milk-when-and-how-to-introduce-it_1334703.bc

http://www.parenting.com/article/ask-dr-sears-cows-milk-for-babies

Leite de vaca na SIDA

http://www.dw.de/antibodies-in-cows-milk-prevent-hiv-study-says/a-16412727

Beneficios do leite de vaca

http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/69424/description/Early_cows_milk_consumption_may_cut_breast-cancer_risk

http://lifestyle.iloveindia.com/lounge/benefits-of-cow-milk-6265.html

http://ygoy.com/2011/01/07/benefits-of-cows-milk/

http://www.raw-milk-facts.com/raw_milk_health_benefits.html

http://www.disabled-world.com/artman/publish/fresh-milk.shtml

http://health.howstuffworks.com/wellness/food-nutrition/facts/is-milk-good-for-you.ht

LEITE DE CABRA

Infeçoes

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_infectious_sheep_and_goat_diseases

Beneficios

http://www.mtcapra.com/benefits-of-goat-milk-vs-cow-milk/

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/07/070730100229.htm

http://www.roseofsharonacres.com/raw_goat_milk_benefits

LEITE DE OVELHA

Textos

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheep_milk

http://www.sheep101.info/dairy.html

http://www.nutraingredients.com/Consumer-Trends/The-healthy-potential-of-sheep-s-milk

CACAU

Botanica http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theobroma_cacao             Textos http://www.herbs2000.com/herbs/herbs_cocoa.htm http://www.acu-cell.com/choc.html http://www.eufic.org/article/en/artid/health-benefits-cocoa-flavanoids/ http://www.nutraingredients.com/Research/Direct-evidence-that-cocoa-benefits-heart-health http://www.mnn.com/food/healthy-eating/stories/benefits-of-cocoa http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/295353.php?tw Colesterol                                 http://www.cellhealthmakeover.com/cocoa-powder-extract.html http://www.webmd.com/cholesterol-management/news/20070309/cocoa-boosts-good-cholesterol http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2001/10/011024073452.htm Hipertensão http://hyper.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/46/2/398 http://www.nutraingredients.com/Research/Meta-analysis-boosts-cocoa-s-blood-pre

CAFÉ- LINKS

INFORMAÇÃO GERAL

Directories

http://www.coffeeandhealth.org/category/research-papers/

http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/infocenter/foods/coffee/

Textos

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffee

http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2017/03/20/coffee-reduce-dementia-risk.aspx?utm_source=dnl&utm_medium=email&utm_content=art3&utm_campaign=20170320Z1&et_cid=DM136996&et_rid=1934261462

https://www.webmd.com/diet/ss/slideshow-what-happens

https://www.webmd.com/food-recipes/ss/slideshow-coffee-tea-benefits?ecd=wnl_spr_071119_REMAIL&ctr=wnl-spr-071119-REMAIL_nsl-LeadModule_cta&mb=0rQNPAhRhZ53i6uR0SRRNBJZpsk9%40mj5Z%40IA%2fWSej4M%3d

-when-you-give-up-caffeine?ecd=wnl_spr_082019&ctr=wnl-spr-082019_nsl-LeadModule_cta&mb=0rQNPAhRhZ53i6uR0SRRNBJZpsk9%40mj5Z%40IA%2fWSej4M%3d

Café descafeinado

http://www.coffeeandhealth.org/all-about-coffee/decaffeination/
https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/instant-coffee-good-or-bad?slot_pos=article_1&utm_source=Sailthru%20Email&utm_medium=Email&utm_campaign=authoritynutrition&utm_content=2019-10-15&apid=#benefits

Historia do café

http://www.nestleprofessional.com/uk/en/SiteArticles/Pages/History_of_Coffee.aspx?UrlReferrer=http%3a%2f%2fen.wikipedia.org%2fwiki%2fCoffee

Produção de café

http://www.coffeeandhealth.org/all-about-coffee/where-coffee-grows/

http://www.herbs2000.com/herbs/herbs_coffee.ht

COMPOSIÇÃO DO CAFÉ

Geral

http://www.coffee-tea.co.uk/caffeine-constituents.php

http://www.zhion.com/liver_issues/Coffee_liver_disease.html

Cafeina

http://www.coffeeandhealth.org/all-about-coffee/caffeine/

http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Caffeine?OpenDocument

CAFÉ  E SAUDE

Geral

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3439152/

http://www.webmd.com/food-recipes/features/coffee-new-health-food

http://edition.cnn.com/2012/08/18/health/coffee-health-benefits/index.html

http://www.drkaslow.com/html/coffee-caffeine.html

Actividade mental´

http://www.coffeeandhealth.org/topics/summary/

Alzheimer

http://www.dailychump.org/recent-studies-show-coffee-can-help-prevent-alzheimers-disease/

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/01/090114200005.htm

Cancro

http://www.coffeeandhealth.org/topics/cancer/

Cancro do colon

http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/308574.ph

CAFÉ E EXERCICIO
https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=59e4ee868f&jsver=mYqKcVrefUQ.pt_PT.&cbl=gmail_fe_200109.09_p2&view=cv&fs=1&tf=1&ver=mYqKcVrefUQ.pt_PT.&am=X9PPQXhA4BL4sjMCAIAYjEo57OH35BTomxyWB8BDjGgA-h2gDwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPZAYyU&search=inbox&th=%23thread-f%3A1656345989274363457&cvid=1

Cancro da mama

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3218935/

http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/releases/292802.php?tw

 Cancro do fígado

http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/291686.php?tw

Cancro da próstata

http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=121343438

Cancro do pâncreas

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21746805

Computador

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3476989/

Desidratação

http://www.coffeeandhealth.org/topics/fluidbalance/

http://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/04/health/nutrition/04real.html?_r=2&

Diabetes tipo 2

http://www.coffeeandhealth.org/topics/type2diabetes/

http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/early/2012/11/14/ajcn.112.048603.abstract

Doenças cardiovasculares

http://www.coffeeandhealth.org/topics/coffee-consumption-and-cardiovascular-health-2/

Doenças neurodegenerativas

http://www.coffeeandhealth.org/topics/coffee-consumption-and-neurodegenerative-disorders/

Efeitos secundarios

http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/in-depth/caffeine/art-20045678/?utm_source=newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=housecall

Enxaquecas

http://www.webmd.com/migraines-headaches/guide/triggers-caffeine

Esclerose múltipla

http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/307370.php?tw

Gravidez

http://www.coffeeandhealth.org/topics/pregnancy/

Litiase biliar

http://www.coffeeandhealth.org/topics/gallstones/

CAFÉ E HIPERTENSAO
https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/coffee-and-blood-pressure?slot_pos=article_1&utm_source=Sailthru%20Email&utm_medium=Email&utm_campaign=hlhearthealth&utm_content=2020-01-21&apid=28082984#short-term-effect



Parkinson

http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/releases/295772.php?tw

http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/313241.php

http://www.coffee-tea.co.uk/caffeine-constituents.php

Cafestol, a molecule linked to the inhibiting progressive Parkinson's disease is found in abundant amounts in brewed     

Adoçantes – 

Adoçantes e cancro
Adoçantes na gravidez
Adoçantes e diabetes
Adoçantes naturais
Adoçantes não naturais

GERAL

Directories

http://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/sssm-sugar-and-sweeteners-outlook.aspx

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugar_substitute

http://www.medicinenet.com/artificial_sweeteners/article.htm

http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/artificial-sweeteners/MY00073

http://www.diabetes.org.uk/Guide-to-diabetes/Food_and_recipes/Sugar-and-sweeteners/

http://www.naturalnews.com/sweeteners.html

http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/in-depth/artificial-sweeteners/art-20046936/?utm_source=newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=housecall

http://www.enbuenasmanos.com/edulcorantes-artificiales

Adoçantes e cancro

http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Risk/artificial-sweeteners

Adoçantes na gravidez

http://www.whattoexpect.com/pregnancy/eating-well/week-31/sweetener.aspx

Adoçantes e diabetes

http://diabetes.webmd.com/artificial-sweeteners-diabetes-patients

ADOÇANTES NATURAIS

Brazeina

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazzein

http://www.naturalnews.com/025140_brazzein_natural_sweeteners.html

http://www.sweetenerbook.com/brazzein.html

http://www.sugar-and-sweetener-guide.com/brazzein.html

http://www.warf.org/technologies.jsp?ipnumber=P91020US

Curculina

http://www.sugar-and-sweetener-guide.com/curculin.html

http://link.springer.com/article/10.1023%2FA%3A1005704616565?LI=true

http://www.jbc.org/content/282/46/33252.full.pdf

Eritritol

http://www.caloriecontrol.org/sweeteners-and-lite/polyols/erythritol

http://www.enbuenasmanos.com/eritritol

Efeitos colaterais

http://www.ehow.com/facts_5012916_dangers-of-erythritol.html

http://www.livestrong.com/article/556918-the-disadvantages-of-erythritol/

Esplenda

http://www.enbuenasmanos.com/propiedades-de-la-splenda

Mel

http://www.enbuenasmanos.com/propiedades-de-la-miel

http://www.enbuenasmanos.com/tipos-de-miel

Stevia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stevia

http://www.enbuenasmanos.com/propiedades-de-la-ste

Efeitos colaterais

http://www.cspinet.org/nah/4_00/stevia.html

http://safety.lovetoknow.com/Dangers_of_Stevia

Xilitol

http://www.zhion.com/digestion/XYLITOL.html

Efeitos colaterais

http://www.buzzle.com/articles/xylitol-side-effects.html~

ADOÇANTES NÃO NATURAIS

Acesulfame

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acesulfame_potassium

Alitame

http://foodconstrued.com/2012/04/alitame/

Aspartame

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspartame

http://www.cancer.org/cancer/cancercauses/othercarcinogens/athome/aspartame

http://www.caloriecontrol.org/sweeteners-and-lite/sugar-substitutes/aspartame

http://www.sweetpoison.com/aspartame-side-effects.html

Ciclamato

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_cyclamate

http://www.cyclamate.org/regulatorystatus.html

http://www.sweetenerbook.com/cyclamate.html

http://www.caloriecontrol.org/sweeteners-and-lite/sugar-substitutes/cyclamate

Neohesperidina

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neohesperidin_dihydrochalcone

http://www.sweetenerbook.com/neodhc.html

Neotame

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neotame

http://www.infowars.com/neotame-13000-times-sweeter-than-sugar-and-more-toxic-than-aspartame/

http://www.inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v52je08.htm

Sacarina

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saccharin

Sucralose

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sucralose

http://www.medicinenet.com/artificial_sweeteners/page9.htm

http://www.zhion.com/Ingredients/Suralose.html

http://www.enbuenasmanos.com/propiedades-de-la-sucralosa

Efeitos colaterais

http://www.3fatchicks.com/11-sucralose-side-effects/

ADOÇANTE- Texto

Doçura relativa de oses e osidos

Adoçantes ou edulcorantes

Sucedaneos do açucar

Sacarina

Ciclamato

Acesulfato de potassio

Aspartame

Outros adoçantes

• O gosto doce é um dos quatro gostos primários sendo os outros o ácido, o amargo e o salgado.
• Quase todas as oses e oligosidos têm gosto doce.
• Indicamos a sua doçura relativa, considerando a sacarose igual à unidade.

Doçura relativa de oses e osidos

Composto	Doçura relativa
Sacarose Galactose Glucose Frutose Lactose Maltose	1,00 0,32 0.74 1,73 0,16 0,33

Adoçantes ou edulcorantes

Conceito

·         O consumo excessivo de açucar produz obesidade.

·         Para a evitar, a industria concebeu produtos sintéticos, os adoçantes ou edulcorantes que têm um alto poder adoçante mas  que fornecem poucas calorias

• Podemos distinguir os sucedâneos do açúcar dos edulcorantes intensos
• Os sucedâneos do açúcar reduzem parcialmente o aporte de calorias. São álcoois derivados das oses
• Os edulcorantes intensos têm forte poder adoçante e fornecem pucas calorias. Os mais usados são a sacarina, os ciclamatos, o acesulfame de potássio e o aspartame

Sucedâneos do açúcar

• São álcoois obtidos por hidtrogenação das oses – sorbitol,xilitol, maltitol,manitol
• Têm um poder adoçante inferior ao da sacarose
• Não causam carie dentaria
• A sua lentidão de absorção pode provocar flatulência ou diarreia
• Como são mal absorvidos têm pouco efeito<na glicemia
• Como não são desprovidos de calorias, devem ser administrados com prudência na diabetes
• Aprovados pela WHO, EUA e União Europeia

Sacarina

• Fabricada a partir de açúcar e cloro
• Nalguns utilizadores deixa um gosto posterior amargo metálico
• O aquecimento não tira o poder adoçante
• Aprovado nos EUA e  União Europeia

Ciclamato

·         Fabricado a partir do benzeno

·         Interdito nos EUA

·         Aprovado em mais de 50 paises, incluindo a União Europeia

Acesulfame de potássio

• Estável no calor
• Solúvel na agua
• Gosto posterior amargo
• O aquecimento  não reduz o poder adoçante
• Aprovado nos EUA e União Europeia

Aspartame

• Interdito na fenilcetonuria, por conter fenilalanina
• Hidrolisado pelo calor a partir de 15º , dando um gosto amargo
• Não se devem reaquecer produtos adoçados com aspartame
• Aprovado nos EUA e União Europeia

 

 

Doçura relativa de edulcorantes

Composto	Doçura
Ciclamato Aspartame Acesulfame Sacarina	30 160 200 600

Outros adoçantes

Alitame

• 2000 vezes mais doce que o açúcar
• Aprovado nalguns países como Austrália e Nova Zelândia
• Aprovação pendente  nos EUA

Neohesperidina

• 1500 vezes mais doce que o açúcar
• Tem um gosto  a licor
• Extraída das cascas e pele de laranjas amargas
• O calor não reduz o seu poder adoçante
• Aprovado na União Europeia
• Nos EUA está arpovado apenas como sabor

Neotame

• 8000 vezes mais doce que o açúcar
• O calor não  reduz o seu poder adoçante
• Aprovado nos EUA, mas não está<comercializado

Esteviosido

• Feito a partir duma planta que cresce na America do Sul
• 3oo vezes mais doce que o açúcar
• Aprovado nalguns países
• Pode produzir alterações genéticas nalguns animais de laboratório

Taumatina

• Encontrada num fruto silvestre da Africa Ocidental
• 2000 a 3000 vezes mais doce que o açúcar
• Não utilizável para cozinhar
• Aprovado na União Europeia
• Nos  EUA aprovado apenas como sabor 

FIBRA

FIBRA E ATEROESCLEROSE

Definição

Componentes

Composição

Propriedades

A fibra na dieta vegetariana

Definições

Fibra crua – resíduo obtido após tratamento dos vegetais com ácidos e alcalinos.

Fibra vegetal – elementos fibrosos da parede vegetal.

Fibra dietética –substâncias fibrosas e não fibrosas das plantas.

Fibra insolúvel – forma com a água misturas de baixa viscosidade.

Fibra solúvel  - formam misturas de natureza viscosa.

Componentes da fibra dietética

Celulose

Polímero linear da glicose. Pode ter 10.000 unidades por molécula.

As moléculas orientam-se formando microfibrilhas, o que explica a sua insolubilidade

Hemiceluloses

Têm 50 a 200 oses

Diferem entre si pela natureza das oses polimerizadas

Pectinas

São polímeros de ácidos urónicos

Solúveis em água quente, formando um gel com o arrefecimento

Exsudados de plantas

Estruturas muito ramificadas contendo oses e ácidos urónicos

É o caso da goma arábica

Mucilagens

Contêm xilose, arabinose e ácido glicurónico

Têm uma grande capacidade em fixar água

Linhina

Não é um glucido – é um polímero do fenilpropano

Tem propriedades  semelhantes às fibras vegetais

Propriedades da fibra

·      Resistência à digestão

·       Absorção e retenção de água

·       Fixação de glucidos,lipidos e prótidos ( absorção lenta)

·       Fixação de sais biliares( colesterol)

·       Fixação de minerais e vitaminas

·       Fermentações no intestino grosso

Acção sobre os lipidos

As fibras aumentam a excreção de ácidos biliares

Algumas fibras como as saponinas formam compostos insolúveis com o colesterol

Alem disso acruam sobre lipoproteinas

A fibra na dieta vegetariana

LINKS

Textos

https://authoritynutrition.com/simple-vs-complex-carbs/  

Historia

A oliveira nativa  é originaria da Asia Menor, sendo as azeitonas Utilizadas desde o neolítico.

As  oliveiras terão sido domesticadas desde o 6º milénio A.C.  na Asia Menor no 4º milénio na Costa Levantina e no 3º no Crescente Fertil da Mesopotamia.

A cultura da oliveira foi iniciada em Creta como mostram os achados arqueológicos. Encontrou-se azeite em ânforas datadas de 3500 AC.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ancient_Olive_Tree_in_Pelion,_Greece.

Óleos de peixe

A importância dos óleos de peixe na prevenção da ateroesclerose foi constatada pela primeira vez por autores dinamarqueses ao descreverem a baixa incidência de doença coronárias nos esquimós que têm uma alimentação quase exclusivamente constituída por peixes gordos e óleos de peixe.

Estes dados foram verificados por estudos epidemiológicos feitos noutros países.

A que se deve esta acção dos óleos de peixe? A análise da composição em ácidos gordos dos óleos de peixe  mostra a sua grande riqueza em ácidos w3.

Oleos essenciais para cozinhar

http://www.enbuenasmanos.com/articulos/muestra.asp?art=3734~

Ranço

As gorduras alimentares  podem rançar com o consequente cheiro e sabor desagradáveis.

Nas gorduras contendo ácidos gordos  de curta cadeia, como a manteiga, o ranço é produzido pela hidrólise das ligações ester.

Os insaaturados não só baixam os lipidos mas tambem, diminuem a prevalência da doença coronária.

Os resultados mais demonstrativos resultam dos estudos de Karvonen e Turpeinen em hospitais psiquiátricos finlandeses. Estes sujeitaram internados em dois manicómios  um a uma dieta normal (dieta N) e outro a uma dieta rico em insaturados (dieta E),alternando a dieta após cinco anos

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